**Background** Fungal infections pose a significant threat to both immunocompromised patients and agricultural productivity. Among the various fungal pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum is particularly notorious for causing vascular wilt in a…
**Background** Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) are a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that play a critical role in regulating a wide variety of intracellular processes. These…
**Background** The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptor family consists of several subtypes that play critical roles in regulating mood, cognition, and nociception. Among these, the 5-HT 1E and 5-HT 1F receptors…
**Background** The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response, where its activation leads to the maturation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18.…
**Background** Endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and adenomyosis are common gynecological disorders characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue or benign tumors, often driven by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone…