Suppression (n = 13) was 44 (95 CI 12 to 157) and 84 (95 CI 12 to 595)(P = 0.32), representing a 7.4 and 9.6-fold increase, respectively. The overall proportion with seroprotection and seroconversion was not different between CHC groups and controls (Table 3). However, IBD patients showed a significantly lower percentage of post-vaccination seroprotection (P = 0.02) and seroconversion rate (P = 0.01). IBD patients on a single immunosuppressive agent had a similar response rate to those on combined immunosuppression (seroprotection: 10/14, 71.4 vs. 8/13, 61.5 , P = 0.45 respectively; seroconversion: 9/14, 64.3 vs. 6/12, 50 , respectively; P = 0.37).Acceptance, tolerability and adverse events of vaccinationThe majority of consenting patients completed the VAPI questionnaire (83 , Table 4). CHC patients with ongoing therapy scored the highest with respect to injection site reactions (inconvenience related to pain, redness, swelling, itching, hardening, bruising; and arm movement), with significant differences compared with untreated CHC patients and IBD patients (Table 4). Regarding acceptability (use of analgesics or interference with concomitant treatment) and the remaining questions, a generally favorable response was observed. Most importantly, a low proportion of patients in all groups were actively against being vaccinated again next season. Other systemic adverse events specifically assessed (fever, malaise, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, headache, myalgia/arthralgia, MedChemExpress Tubastatin A irritability and somnolence) were not different between the groups (Table 5). No deaths or serious vaccine-related adverse events were reported during follow-up. Only one CHC patient with ongoing treatment (with postvaccination seroprotection) reported symptoms of respiratory disease, although influenza A infection was not confirmed by laboratory tests.Post-vaccination geometric mean titers and seroprotection/seroconversion ratesBlood samples were available in 67 subjects (5 patients did not have MNS price baseline serum). The global median time between baseline and post-vaccination serum sampling during follow-up was 6 weeks (range 3?3). There were no differences between a) controls [4 (range 4?1)] and CHC group [5 (4?1)]; P = 0.65 and b) controls and IBD group [7 (range 3?3)]; P = 0.28. In each group, only one 1317923 subject had blood analysis out of the 3? week interval. At baseline, antibodies against the vaccine strain were detected (titer 1:10, but only one higher than 1:40) in 11 subjects (CHC patients with ongoing treatment, n = 3; CHC patients without treatment, n = 2; IBD group, n = 4 and controls, n = 2). The overall post-vaccination GMT was 124 (95 CI 25?19), representing a 17.9-fold increase from the pre-vaccination level. The post-vaccination GMT was higher in the group of CHC patients than in the IBD patients (229, 95 CI 55 to 957 vs. 60, 95 CI 12 to 307; P = 0.006). However, there were no differences between CHC patients with ongoing treatment compared with CHC patients without treatment or controls (Table 3, P = 0.89).Effects of vaccination on virological responseRegarding the impact of influenza vaccination on SVR, no significant differences were found between CHC patients receiving standard medical care during vaccination (n = 15) compared to those treated after vaccination (n = 8). In addition, viral load, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values were not different 6 months after the end of treatment (Table 6). The groups were s.Suppression (n = 13) was 44 (95 CI 12 to 157) and 84 (95 CI 12 to 595)(P = 0.32), representing a 7.4 and 9.6-fold increase, respectively. The overall proportion with seroprotection and seroconversion was not different between CHC groups and controls (Table 3). However, IBD patients showed a significantly lower percentage of post-vaccination seroprotection (P = 0.02) and seroconversion rate (P = 0.01). IBD patients on a single immunosuppressive agent had a similar response rate to those on combined immunosuppression (seroprotection: 10/14, 71.4 vs. 8/13, 61.5 , P = 0.45 respectively; seroconversion: 9/14, 64.3 vs. 6/12, 50 , respectively; P = 0.37).Acceptance, tolerability and adverse events of vaccinationThe majority of consenting patients completed the VAPI questionnaire (83 , Table 4). CHC patients with ongoing therapy scored the highest with respect to injection site reactions (inconvenience related to pain, redness, swelling, itching, hardening, bruising; and arm movement), with significant differences compared with untreated CHC patients and IBD patients (Table 4). Regarding acceptability (use of analgesics or interference with concomitant treatment) and the remaining questions, a generally favorable response was observed. Most importantly, a low proportion of patients in all groups were actively against being vaccinated again next season. Other systemic adverse events specifically assessed (fever, malaise, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, headache, myalgia/arthralgia, irritability and somnolence) were not different between the groups (Table 5). No deaths or serious vaccine-related adverse events were reported during follow-up. Only one CHC patient with ongoing treatment (with postvaccination seroprotection) reported symptoms of respiratory disease, although influenza A infection was not confirmed by laboratory tests.Post-vaccination geometric mean titers and seroprotection/seroconversion ratesBlood samples were available in 67 subjects (5 patients did not have baseline serum). The global median time between baseline and post-vaccination serum sampling during follow-up was 6 weeks (range 3?3). There were no differences between a) controls [4 (range 4?1)] and CHC group [5 (4?1)]; P = 0.65 and b) controls and IBD group [7 (range 3?3)]; P = 0.28. In each group, only one 1317923 subject had blood analysis out of the 3? week interval. At baseline, antibodies against the vaccine strain were detected (titer 1:10, but only one higher than 1:40) in 11 subjects (CHC patients with ongoing treatment, n = 3; CHC patients without treatment, n = 2; IBD group, n = 4 and controls, n = 2). The overall post-vaccination GMT was 124 (95 CI 25?19), representing a 17.9-fold increase from the pre-vaccination level. The post-vaccination GMT was higher in the group of CHC patients than in the IBD patients (229, 95 CI 55 to 957 vs. 60, 95 CI 12 to 307; P = 0.006). However, there were no differences between CHC patients with ongoing treatment compared with CHC patients without treatment or controls (Table 3, P = 0.89).Effects of vaccination on virological responseRegarding the impact of influenza vaccination on SVR, no significant differences were found between CHC patients receiving standard medical care during vaccination (n = 15) compared to those treated after vaccination (n = 8). In addition, viral load, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values were not different 6 months after the end of treatment (Table 6). The groups were s.
